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Some languages use clicks as everyday consonants

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In a handful of southern African languages, the pops and clicks you might make in disapproval are ordinary letters of speech.

Verified · DOBES / Max Planck Institute — Taa language documentation

In most languages, a tsk-tsk or a clicking sound carries meaning only as a gesture. But in the Khoisan languages of southern Africa, clicks function as full consonants — building blocks of ordinary words, just like b or t in English.

Clicks are made by trapping a pocket of air between two points of contact in the mouth and releasing it with a sharp pop or smack. The language with the richest inventory is Taa (also written !Xoo), thought to have one of the largest sets of sounds of any language — by some analyses well over 100 consonants, including dozens of distinct clicks. Strikingly, more than 70% of its dictionary words begin with a click.

Almost everywhere clicks appear as regular speech sounds, it is in Africa; neighboring Bantu languages such as Zulu and Xhosa borrowed a few from Khoisan contact. These sounds remain one of the most distinctive — and hardest to imitate — features in all of human language.

>100
consonants in Taa
>70%
of Taa words start with a click

Sources & references

2 references

Well-established. Corroborated by 2 independent sources.

1 DOBES / Max Planck Institute — Taa language documentation institution “Taa features the contrastive use of clicks and has been cited as the language with the largest consonant inventory (122 consonants) or the largest segment inventory (160 segments).” dobes.mpi.nl ↗
2 EBSCO Research Starters — 'Misinformation effect' institution “Click consonants are stops made with the tongue that produce a sucking action. About 70 percent of Khoe words begin with a click.” ebsco.com ↗
✓ Last reviewed Jun 6, 2026

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