◆ On this day

February 23

4 sourced moments from February 23 in history: The Gutenberg Bible is finished (1455); The Siege of the Alamo Begins (1836); Marines raise the flag on Iwo Jima (1945), plus 1 more.

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4 things happened on February 23

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1954 Human Body & Mind · Medicine & Disease

The first mass polio shots: Pittsburgh, 23 February 1954

Pittsburgh schoolchildren got Jonas Salk's polio vaccine two months before the giant national trial. What came next included a near-disaster.

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1945 History · War & Conflict

Marines raise the flag on Iwo Jima

On this day in 1945, a photographer caught the second flag-raising on Mount Suribachi — and made an icon.

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1836 History · War & Conflict

The Siege of the Alamo Begins

A few hundred defenders dig into a crumbling Texas mission as thousands of Mexican troops surround them for thirteen days.

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1455 Technology · Inventions

The Gutenberg Bible is finished

By tradition dated to this day in 1455, Europe's first major book printed with movable type rolled off the press.

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